The $10 million question is where you hold it. Texas issued a procurement mandate to move its strategic Bitcoin reserve from BlackRock's IBIT ETF to on-chain custody within 60 days. The move mirrors the state’s 2011 repatriation of physical gold from New York, signaling a maturation from institutional exposure to genuine sovereign ownership.
On Bitcoin And, David Bennett framed it as an exit from counterparty risk. The state will hold the keys through a third-party custodian, requiring institutional-grade security and a public performance tracker. This shift occurs as sentiment for 'paper Bitcoin' - ETFs and corporate proxies - hits a multi-year low. Matt Odell noted on Rabbit Hole Recap that new buyers who entered via these proxies didn't get self-custody, they got “a front-row seat to the AI bull run” and deep opportunity cost.
"Texas is tired of holding paper representations of Bitcoin."
- David Bennett, Bitcoin And | Bitcoin & Economic News
The liquidity is flowing elsewhere. Bennett also identified a massive capital drain as investors sell assets, including Bitcoin, to build cash reserves for upcoming SpaceX, OpenAI, and Anthropic IPOs. This isn't a fear-driven sell-off but a tactical retreat to position for new public-market giants. Meanwhile, the structural use case for real Bitcoin is being built elsewhere - in micropayments.
Lightning is the settlement layer for a parallel economy. At Bitcoin++ Vienna, researcher René Pickhardt argued Lightning and protocols like Ark are complementary, with Lightning handling high-frequency payments. This capability is already live. The Nostr-based marketplace Europa, noted on Rabbit Hole Recap, lets individuals run VPN servers, paid for privately with Bitcoin via Lightning.
"The only resolution is replacing the platform with a protocol."
- Joe Martin, Plebchain Radio
On Plebchain Radio, singer-songwriter Joe Martin described building a sustainable career through Value-for-Value (V4V) events in Prague and Belgrade, powered by Lightning micropayments. He called Spotify a "data-harvesting parasite" and bet on sovereign tech like Nostr for a structural escape. This isn't a niche experiment; it's a blueprint for funding culture outside extractive platforms.
The security floor is collapsing under complex yield chasing. Bennett warned that AI coding agents, like Claude, can now find and weaponize DeFi smart contract vulnerabilities faster than humans can patch them, rendering the sector “fundamentally unsafe.” With over $1.1 billion lost to hacks last year, the advice is simplifying: hold Bitcoin in cold storage and abandon automated yield strategies.
Texas isn't just moving coins; it's voting for a simpler, more sovereign stack.

